Pez Disco : consejos básicos de mantenimiento
Consejos básicos para el cuidodo del es Disco o Discus .
Tanto si eres principiante, aficionado o todo un profesional de la acuariofilia, el cuidado del pez disco siempre es algo que a todos nos supone un gran reto y disfrute.
Conocido como el rey de Ios peces de acuario, este pez a inundado de color miles y miles de acuarios dejando foscinodos a todos los que por un momento quedan ante ellos.
El cuidodo de| pez disco siempre es algo que a todos nos supone un gran reto y disfrute
No solo se trata de su forma. sino también de sus multiples colores que fueron posibles tras cruzas genéticas y adatacion. Ofreciendo actualmente una gran variedad que los hace realmente espectaculares.
Tener peces disco es una de Ios grandes pasiones que suponen un esfuerzo en su cuidado y que querernos transmitirte mediante estas claves para su buen mantenimiento.
Tener peces disco es una de Ias grandes pasiones acuaristas.
Pero a la vez requiere bastante conocimiento porque son delicados respecto al ph , temperatura, calidad del agua (nitrogenados, amoniaco y sistema bacteriano benéfico) y estrés , pues de estar estresados están expuestos a ser enfermados , parasitados y dejarán de comer.
Como primer paso, necesitamos saber de cuanto espacio vamos o necesitar, para ello tendremos que tener en cuenta de 40 a 50 litros por pez adulto y 25 por juvenil.
Con estos datos ya podemos ser previsores y obtener el acuario necesario para montenerlos en las mejores condiciones posibles.
El disco es un pez que se siente muy comodo viviendo en grupo de su misma especie, siendo al menos 6 o mas especimenes un buen numero de comienzo para que se sientan tranqui|os y protegidos por el resto de los peces disco. ( es estrés afecta muchísimo a esta especie recuerdenlo)
Los peces disco estan clasificados corno peces amazónicos y tropicales de agua caliente, por lo que debernos mantener Ia temperature del agua en un rango de 28°C .
En el caso del pez disco Heckle o discos con tratarnientos de enferrnedad, deberemos mantener Ia temperatura en 30°C.
En el caso deI pez disco Heckel (salvaje )requieren ph de 5 a 6 y mayor temperatura o en discos con tratarnientos de enfermedad la temperatura del agua debemos mantener en 30°c.
La temperatura tenemos que preverla antes de la creacion de nuestro acuario, calculando que estas elevadas temperaturas no seran soportadas por todos Ios
habitantes y plantas de acuarios, con lo que recomendamos especies provenientes de su mismo biotopo, con los mismos parametros , calidad de agua y temperatura.
Acondicionamiento del agua. Química dell agua:
Es sumamente importante prestar atencion al ph y kh del agua que estamos utilizando para los cambios de agua.
Los peces disco pueden ester relativamente habituados al agua del grifo ( ph mientras no supere ph7 ) especialmente si han sido criados en tiendas cercanas a nuestra localidad.
Ph ideal es 6,5 con un ph 7 se baja con troncos y muchas plantas así estarán cómodos y los ácidos tanicos bajarán el ph a 6,5 con el tiempo..
Para no poner en rlesgo la salud de estos son muy importantes los test.
El agua de grifo puede se útil si tiene los parametros adecuados para discos ph 7 o menor. O se deberá ocupar buffer para bajar el ph si es alto o agua de ósmosis.
Los peces disco no toleran fuertes aumentos de pH, por lo que se debe controlar y más de usar agua de ósmosis que el kh o tampón Buffer se mantenga siempre sobre 4 para evitar fluctuaciones del ph .
Para todo esto son imprescindibles los test de ph y de ser necesario de kh
QUÍMICA BASICA DE ACUARIOS
Ciclado:
También claro y muy importante es que el agua este ciclada o tenga un sistema bacteriano benéfico óptimo para reducir amoniaco a nitratos. Y preferentemente muchas plantas que reduzcan nitratos pues está especie es muy delicada respecto a tóxicos nitrogenados.
CICLADO
Caudal del agua: El movimiento del agua en nuestro acuario no debe ser demasiado fuerte, sino que debe proporcionar una Ieve corriente.
En este caso y más todavía debemos tener en cuenta que Ios discos rnas jovenes no deben ester expuestos a fuertes corrientes de agua.
Cambios de agua:
Estos deben ser frecuentes g regulares a fin de reducir nitratos y nunca mayores a 30% semanal normalmente. ( sacar mucha agua reduce el sistema bacteriano y provocaría nitritos).
Un buen programa de cambio de agua para el pez disco, seria de 25 % a 30 por semana con intenso sifoneo. ( ojo al cambiar el agua , si el agua nueva está fria descargarla por goteo o con manguera de 5 mm nunca toda de golpe porque provocaría un golpe térmico que acarrearía Ich para los discos . ICH
El pez disco necesita agua de maxima calidad, conseguirla nos ayudara en su. mantenirniento. para ello deberemos tener un sistema de filtrado que nos asegure el perfecto estado del sistema bacteriano benéfico y filtración.
También un sifoneo intenso para reducir materia que se hará amoniaco es muy necesario y/o poner muchas plantas para asimilar estos desechos.
CAMBIOS DE AGUA
Compatibilidad o compañeros de acuario:
El mejor compañero de un pez disco es tener más peces discos aunque existen especies que pueden vivir con ellos si el espacio es suficiente.
sus caracteristica principal es que Ios discos tienen preferencia por alimentarse en la parte inferior del acuario, lo que Ios hace mas propensos a recoger Ios parasitos intestinales y a estar expuestos a la transmisión de enfermedades de otras especies.
Por ello de introducir otras especies se deben tratarlas en cuarentena con antiparasitarios previamente. Así como a los discos de vez en cuando preventivamente con medicamentos que no afecten las colonia bacteriana benéfica.
De agregar otras especies se debe asegurar les sobre espacio y que sean del mismo botopo ( compatibles en ph temperatura y agresividad) conviven con Escalares , tetras ( siendo criados juntos y controlando tamaño), ciclidos enanos, etc...
Alimentación:
La alimentacién del pez disco es pieza clave en su salud y aspecto. por lo que pondremos especial atencion para una alimentacién variada y equilibrada.
Una base de granu|os especificos corno son los alimentos para ciclidos enriquecidos con harina de Iombriz y Ios vegetarianos (este ultimo siendo un gran suplemento para todos Ios peces de agua dulce o salada], Ies aportara fibra vegetal y Ias vitaminas y nutrientes esenciales, sin olvidamos de que a estos peces hay que ofrecerles también varios tipos de alimentos que podemos encontrar congelados como Iarvas de mosquito, mysis, mezcla para disco y gusanos.
También carnes como atun o merluza, mejillón sin cáscara , yema de huevo batida y hervida en trozos .
MUY IMPORTANTE es recordar que son propensos a ser atacados por parásitos internos por lo cuál toda comida viva, carne o comida disecada o liofosilizada de insectos o gusanos es mejor curarlos con agua hirviendo por si trae parásitos.
Es preferible alimentarlos varias veces al día en poca cantidad y variando alimentos siempre, buscando los que más les guste y sean más sanos
Reproducción:
En el momento de la reproduccion. lo mas indicada es separar a la pareja del resto del grupo en un acuaria de 80 a100 Iitros,(con su misma agua y parámetros , salvo temperatura a 30 grados) , de forma que Ios alevines encuentren a sus padres con facilidad y no haga problemas con la alimentacion. Su instinto desde el primer momento es permanecer unidos, siempre cerca unos de otros, tanta para su proteccion como para su cuidado.
Autor : Anibal Centeno Ortiz de Querétaro, México
Y Mariano Rodríguez de Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina
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Fecha última actualización: 23/12/2019